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Abstract
Golson-Garner, K., T. Tsegaye, P. Okweye, W. Tadesse and S. Dennis. 2007. Spatial and temporal distribution of heavy metals in surface water of
the Indian Creek Watershed. JEMREST 3:101-114.
DOI: 10.4029/2007jemrest3no12
Surface water
pollution as a result of natural and anthropogenic changes to the
environment, is emerging as one of north Alabama’s most immense problems.
Among the water quality constituents that pose the severest threat to living
organisms are heavy metals like, As and Pb.
The aim of this study was to examine spatial and temporal distribution
of heavy metals and to ascertain whether concentrations exceeded maximum
containment levels (MCL) set by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Midstream water samples were collected bi-monthly, from six principal
sampling locations within Indian Creek.
Elemental analysis was performed using inductively coupled plasma
optical emission spectrometry. The
water samples were assayed for Al, Ni, Cu, Fe, Mn, Cd, As, Pb, Se, and Zn.
Heavy metal concentrations ranged from undetectable to 986 µg/l (Zn), 958
µg/l (Fe), 735 µg/l (Al), and 590 µg/l (Mn).
Concentrations showed obvious spatial and temporal distribution
patterns, as well as concentrations exceeding MCL values set by EPA. Results indicated that the highest metal
concentrations were in the upper segments of the stream, near its origin,
followed by the lower and middle segments.
Statistical differences were observed in mean concentrations by month,
season and location. Given the high concentrations observed for Al and Fe, it
is expected that metal transport was mainly by absorption onto suspended
particulates. To date, few studies have been conducted to assess heavy metal
concentrations in Indian Creek. This study will provide significant
implications for a host of agencies and organizations working towards
improving watershed management in North Alabama.
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